General Knowledge on Gandhiji
Gandhiji Played a crucial role in the freedom struggle of India. So the objective type gk question on Mahatma Gandhi is very important for all competitive exams like SSC, CGL, CHSL, MTS, Banking, IAS, UPSC Railway, etc.
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi or M.K. Gandhi is known as ‘Father of Nation‘. He was born on 2nd October 1869 at a small village name Poorbandar situated in Gujarat.
» His father’s name was Karamchand Gandhi, and mother’s name was Putali Bai.
» Gandhiji went to South Africa in the year 1893. In South Africa, he founded the National India Congress in 1894. At that time the second Boer war was broke down between British and Boer states.
» Gandhiji founded ‘Indian Ambulance Core’ in 1899 and help the wounded persons in that war. He was awarded as ‘Kaiser-i-Hind‘.
» In Durban, he established ‘Phoenix Farm‘ in 1904 at Phoenix.
» He started his unique movement ‘Satyagraha‘ in 1906 in South Africa.
» He first jailed in Johannesburg jail in 1908.
» In Johannesburg, he founded Tolstoy Farm later it was named as Gandhi Ashram in 1910.
» Mahatma Gandhi returned to India on 9th January in 1915 in Bombay.
» Gandhiji first attended the Lucknow session of the Indian National Congress held in 1916.
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» His political advisor was Gopal Krishna Gokhle. Gokhle advised Gandhiji to travel throughout India for one year and peoples of India.
» Gandhiji’s first major speech was on the occasion of the opening of the Banaras Hindu University better known as BHU in 1916.
» His first Civil Disobedience movement in India was Champaran Satyagraha on behalf of Indigo planters in Bihar.
» In Ahmedabad, there was a labor dispute in a textile mill for demanding better working conditions. In February 1918, Gandhiji struggled for those workers and took a hunger strike. Finally, he succeeded. In March Gandhiji struggled for the peasants of Kheda for demanding the remission of taxes.
» Gandhiji took the command of the nationalist movement by calling for Satyagraha against the Rowlatt Act on 6th April 1919.
» On the issue of the Jallianwala Bagh massacre, held on 13th April 1919 he returned the Kaisar-i-Hind gold medal.
» At the starting of the Khilafat movement ‘The, all India Conference‘ elected Gandhiji as its president.
» Non-Cooperation and Khilafat Movement are started on 1st August 1920 by the leadership of Gandhiji.
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» At the peak time of this movement, a number of violent people attacked the police station of Chauri-Chaira
» Gandhiji was elected as the president of the Indian National Congress in Belgaum (43rd sessions in Karnataka in 1924). It was his first and last presidentship in INC.
» In 1928 Gandhiji started Bardoli Satyagraha.
» He started the Civil Disobedience Movement with his Dandi March in 1930.
» Gandhiji started his Dandi March on 12th March in 1930 from his ashram at Sabarmati Ashram towards the ocean by walk. He reached Dandi on 6th March 1930. This was also known as Salt Satyagraha. In this time viceroy of India was Lord Irwin.
» Gandhi-Irwin pact holds on 5th March 1931.
» Gandhi attended the Second Round Table Conference in London. Returning from London Gandhiji again started civil disobedience on 3rd January 1932. The new viceroy, Lord Willingdon suppressed this movement. On 17th April 1934, Gandhiji called off the movement.
» Mahatma Gandhi set up an Ashram in Sevagram which known as Vardha Ashram.
» Gandhiji began the ‘Quit India‘ Movement on 8th August in 1942 after the failure of the Cripps Mission.
» He raised the slogan “Do or Die‘ i.e. ‘Karenge ya Marange‘.
» He and most of the Congress leaders were arrested on 9th August 1942.
» Gandhiji kept in detention at the Aga khan place.
» On the Direct Action Day 16th August 1946, Gandhiji traveled to Noakhali and then Calcutta to restore the communal peace.
» On 15th August 1947, Gandhiji was in Calcutta and observed complete silence.
» Gandhiji was assassinated by Nathu Ram Godse, on his way to the evening prayer meeting at Birla House, New Delhi on 30th January 1948.
» He died with ‘Hey Ram‘ on his lips.
»Gahdhiji is also known as ‘Mahatma‘ given by Rabindranath Tagore.» Indian Faqir/ Traitor Faqir by Winston Churchill.
» Half-Naked Saint by “Franq Mores.
» Rashtra Pita (The Father of Nation) by Subhash Chandra Bose.
» Poona Pact or Gandhi Ambedkar pact on 25th Sep. 1932.
» Mahatma Gandhi remarked the Cripps Mission Proposals as “A post-dated cheque on a crumbling bank.”
» Young India was published by Gandhiji in English from 1919 to 1931.
» Gandhiji started a newspaper ‘Harijan‘ in 1933 and lasted until 1948. He also published ‘Harijan Bandhu in Gujrati and Harijan Sevak in Hindi.
» Name of his autobiography – The story of My Experiments with Truth.